Legal Entity Setup & Back-Office Services in Canada

Complete Canada Entity Incorporation with Ongoing HR, Payroll, Accounting, Tax, and Compliance Support

Last Updated: July 09, 2025
Toronto skyline with CN Tower, highlighting Cerity Global’s services in Canada.

Country Overview

As the world’s ninth largest economy and a member of the G7, Canada offers a stable, business-friendly environment with strong institutions and a skilled workforce. The key sectors driving growth include technology, natural resources, financial services, and advanced manufacturing, creating opportunities for businesses across diverse industries. The government provides significant support for innovation, R&D, and foreign investment through various incentive programs. 

Capital City

Ottawa

Language

English, French

Currency

Canadian Dollar (CAD)

Business Hubs

Toronto, Vancouver, Montreal, Calgary, Ottawa

Expand Your Business in Canada

Unlock growth opportunities in Canada with Cerity Global as your trusted partner. We offer end-to-end support for establishing your legal entity, navigating Canada’s often complex regulatory landscape with clarity and efficiency. 

From company registration to ongoing back-office support, including HR, payroll, benefits, accounting, tax and compliance, Cerity Global simplifies the process so you can focus on growing your business. 

Need to hire quickly before your entity is set up? We offer interim EOR services in Canada, enabling you to onboard talent fast. Once your entity is established, we ensure a smooth transition of your employees from the EOR Structure to your own legal entity, without disrupting payroll or compliance. 

Our experts stay ahead of regulatory changes to keep your operations aligned with Canada’s employment and tax laws, helping you scale confidently and compliantly. 

Legal Entity Setup

Types of legal entity setups for international expansion in Canada

Subsidiary

A subsidiary is a separate Canadian corporation that is wholly or partially owned by a foreign parent company. This structure provides complete legal separation between the parent and subsidiary, offering maximum liability protection. 

Branch

A branch office allows a foreign corporation to conduct business in Canada without creating a separate legal entity. The branch operates as an extension of the parent company and must register in each province where it operates. 

Corporation (Inc.)

The most common business structure for international expansion, offering limited liability protection and tax advantages. Corporations can be incorporated federally (under the Canada Business Corporations Act) or provincially. A corporation is managed by directors and officers, with shareholders owning the company through shares. 

Resident Director Requirements

Subsidiary

Same director requirements as a regular corporation, with at least 25% Canadian resident directors for federal incorporation. 

Branch

A branch office must appoint a chief agent who is a Canadian resident to represent the foreign corporation in Canada. 

Corporation (Inc.)

For federal incorporation, at least 25% of directors must be Canadian residents. For provincial incorporation, requirements vary by province. Some provinces require a majority of Canadian resident directors. 

Bank Account Setup

In Canada, bank account setup can be initiated during the incorporation process but typically requires the corporation to be fully registered before becoming operational. 

Bank Account Setup in Canada: What’s Possible and When 

Before Incorporation: 

  • You can begin preliminary discussions with banks and gather required documentation. 
  • Some banks may allow you to reserve an account pending incorporation completion. 
  • However, the account cannot be activated until incorporation is complete.

After Incorporation: 

  • Once the corporation is registered and has a Business Number from the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). 
  • You can open a business bank account with proper documentation. 
  • Online banking and business operations can commence immediately.

Note: Documentation must be prepared by the filing due date of the tax return (6 months after fiscal year-end) but does not need to be submitted unless requested. For calendar year entities, this is typically June 30 of the following year. 

Canadian banks have robust know-your-customer (KYC) requirements and may require in-person meetings or video calls for account opening. The process typically takes 1-2 weeks once all documentation is provided. 

Required documents include the certificate of incorporation, business number from CRA, directors’ identification, corporate resolution authorizing account opening, and beneficial ownership information. 

Why choose Cerity Global's Legal Entity Setup Service?

Cerity Global supports companies in their global expansion plans and helps in legal entity setup, registration and ongoing support services. With us, you can quickly set up a legal entity, operate compliantly, and expand globally. The process typically takes a few days to a week, depending on the bank. 

Human Resources

Employment in Canada is primarily governed by the following laws on the federal level: 

  • Canada Labour Code 
  • Canadian Human Rights Act 
  • Employment Insurance Act 
  • Canada Pension Plan Act 

 

Canadian employment agreements can be written or verbal, and both are legally binding and enforceable, although written agreements are usually preferred for ease of enforcement. 

Some of the standard details mentioned in the written contract include: 

  • Job details 
  • Renumeration 
  • Benefits 
  • Termination and notice period 
  • and more 

Types of employment relationships

The different types of employment relationships are: 

Full-Time Employment  

Also known as permanent employment or indefinite employment, these positions have no predetermined end date and provide job security and stability. Permanent employees must work at least 40 hours per week and are entitled to full benefits and statutory protections under employment standards legislation. 

Fixed-Term Employment 

Fixed-term employment contracts have a specific end date and are used for temporary projects, seasonal work, or specific assignments. In most provinces, repeated short-term contracts may be deemed permanent employment. 

In Canada, a probationary period typically lasts up to 12 months, depending on the length of employment. 

The regular working hours in Canada are eight hours a day and 40 hours a week. This varies by province and some provinces have 44-hour work weeks as the standard. 

Overtime  

Any hours worked beyond the stipulated working hours are considered overtime. Daily overtime may also apply in some provinces for work beyond 8 hours per day. 

  • The federal minimum wage is $17.75 per hour. 
  • Overtime pay is 1.5 times the regular hourly wage. 
  • Vacation pay is calculated as 4% of the gross income. 

Notice periods vary by province and length of service, typically ranging from 1 week to 8 weeks for statutory minimums. 

Severance pay is required for: 

  • Employees with 5+ years of service in some provinces 
  • Mass layoffs or company closures 
  • Termination without cause beyond minimum notice periods

Common law reasonable notice may exceed statutory minimums, particularly for long-service employees or those in senior positions. 

Foreign nationals can live and work in Canada by securing a work and residence visa. With a valid job offer and employer sponsorship, individuals with the right skills or qualifications may be eligible for temporary or long-term work authorization. 

Work Visa & Permit Options in Canada 

1. Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP)  

For employers to hire foreign workers when qualified Canadians are not available. 

  • Who it’s for: Workers in various skill levels and occupations. 
  • Entity requirement: Employer must obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA). 
  • Processing time: 3-6 months depending on stream. 
  • Permit duration: Typically, 1-2 years, renewable.

2. International Mobility Program (IMP) 

For workers whose employment benefits Canada’s economic, social, cultural, or competitive interests. 

  • LMIA exemption: No labour market test required. 
  • Categories: Includes intra-company transferees, CETA workers, professionals under trade agreements. 
  • Processing time: 2-8 weeks depending on category. 
  • Permit duration: Varies by category.

3. Global Talent Stream 

Fast-track program for highly skilled workers and unique talents. 

  • Processing time: 10 business days for work permit processing. 
  • Eligible positions: Tech occupations and unique talent positions. 
  • Salary threshold: Varies by occupation and location. 

Employers must be pre-approved and adhere to the Labour Market Benefits Plan (LMBP). 

4. Start-up Visa Program 

For entrepreneurs with innovative business ideas supported by designated organizations.  

  • Investment requirement: Support from designated venture capital, angel investor, or business incubator. 
  • Permit duration: Can lead to permanent residence. 
  • Language requirement: CLB 5 in English or French.

5. Express Entry System 

For skilled workers seeking permanent residence through: 

  • Federal Skilled Worker Program. 
  • Canadian Experience Class. 
  • Federal Skilled Trades Program. 
  1. Job Offer/LMIA (if required) from Canadian employer. 
  2. Work Permit Application submitted online or at visa office. 
  3. Medical Examination and background checks (if required). 
  4. Entry to Canada with work permit. 
  5. Apply for Social Insurance Number and other registrations.

     

Key Notes: 

  • US citizens can work under CUSMA (former NAFTA) provisions. 
  • Provincial Nominee Programs can expedite permanent residence. 
  • Family members can often accompany workers on dependent permits. 
  • Some permits allow application from within Canada. 
  • Canada offers Open Work Permits in certain cases, such as for spouses of skilled workers or international graduates.

Work permit eligibility depends on job role, employer compliance, and applicable stream-specific criteria. Many permits can transition to permanent residence pathways. 

Leave Entitlements and Employee Benefits

Annual Leave

Employees in Canada are entitled to: 

  • 2 weeks — 1 year of employment 
  • 3 weeks — 5 years of employment 
  • 4 weeks — 10 years of employment

Female employees receive up to 15 weeks of maternity leave. 

Parental leaves range from 35 to 61 weeks for both biological and adoptive parents. 

Sick leave provisions vary significantly by province, and federally regulated employees receive up to 10 days of paid sick leave per year. 

The following statutory national holidays are observed in Canada: 

  • New Year’s Day 
  • Good Friday 
  • Victoria Day 
  • Canada Day 
  • Labour Day 
  • National Day for Truth and Reconciliation 
  • Thanksgiving 
  • Remembrance Day 
  • Christmas Day 
  • Boxing Day

Additionally, Canada observes provincial holidays. 

Payroll

Payroll frequency in Canada is usually weekly, biweekly, semi-monthly, or monthly.

Mandatory Bonus

The law does not require employers to pay a mandatory bonus or the 13th month salary, but some employers give a bonus to their employees.

Benefits

Employees in Canada are required to pay Social Security taxes, which contribute to Social Security benefits. 

The mandatory benefits in Canada include: 

  • Canada Pension Plan (CPP) or Quebec Pension Plan (QPP) 
  • Employment Insurance (EI) 
  • Universal Healthcare (provincial) 
  • Workers’ Compensation 
  • Employer Health Tax (varies by province) 

Accounting Standards

Accounting standards must adhere to:  

  • International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for publicly accountable enterprises 
  • Accounting Standards for Private Enterprises (ASPE) for private companies 
  • Accounting Standards for Not-for-Profit Organizations (ASNPO) 

Reporting Requirements and Thresholds

Corporations in Canada must file annual returns and financial statements: 

  • Annual Return: Due within 6 months of fiscal year-end 
  • Financial Statements: Must be prepared annually 
  • Filing with provincial authorities: Required in jurisdiction of incorporation 
  • Financial statements must include:
    • Balance sheet 
    • Income statement 
    • Statement of retained earnings 
    • Cash flow statement (if required) 
    • Notes to financial statements 

Audit Requirements and Thresholds

Statutory audit requirements vary by province and corporation type: 

Federal Corporations (CBCA): 

  • Public companies: Mandatory audit 
  • Private companies: Audit required unless shareholders unanimously waive

Provincial Requirements: 

  • Vary by province 
  • Generally required for public companies 
  • May be required for private companies meeting certain thresholds. 

Taxes and Contributions

Corporate Tax

The corporate tax in Canada is a two-tier system and is:  

  • Federal corporate tax rate: 15% (general rate) 
  • Small business rate: 9% (federal) on first $500,000 of active business income 
  • Provincial corporate tax rates: Vary by province (0% to 16%) 
  • Combined rates: Generally, 11.5% to 31% depending on province and income level 

GST

Canada has GST/HST depending on the province or territory, which typically ranges from 5% and 13% to 15%, respectively. 

Filing Dates

  • Corporate tax returns: Due 6 months after fiscal year-end. 
  • Tax balance owing: Due 2-3 months after fiscal year-end. 
  • GST/HST returns: Monthly, quarterly, or annually depending on revenue. 

Penalties

  • Late filing: 5% of unpaid tax plus 1% per month (maximum 12 months). 
  • Repeated failures: 10% of unpaid tax plus 2% per month. 
  • Gross negligence: 50% of additional tax owing. 

Transfer Pricing

Canada follows OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines: 

  • Documentation requirements: For transactions exceeding $1 million. 
  • Arm’s length principle: Must be applied to related party transactions. 
  • Acceptable methods: Comparable uncontrolled price, resale price, cost plus, profit split, and transactional net margin methods. 

Country by Country Reporting

Canada has implemented CbC reporting requirements: 

  • Threshold: Consolidated group revenue exceeding $750 million CAD. 
  • Filing deadline: 12 months after fiscal year-end. 
  • Form: T106 – Country-by-Country Report. 

Master File and Local File Requirements and Thresholds

Transfer pricing documentation requirements: 

Master File 

  • Consolidated group revenue exceeding $50 million CAD 
  • Contains organizational structure, business activities, and financial information.

Local File 

  • Canadian entity with related party transactions exceeding $1 million CAD. 
  • Detailed information about local operations and transactions.

Deadline: The Master File and Local File must be prepared and available by the filing due date of the corporate income tax return (typically 6 months after fiscal year-end). These documents are not required to be submitted unless requested by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). 

Data Protection & AML Compliance

General Data Protection Act

The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) and GDPR aim to protect individuals’ privacy and personal data.

AML (Anti-Money Laundering)

Canada’s AML framework is governed by the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (PCMLTFA): 

Obligated entities: Financial institutions, casinos, real estate professionals, accountants, legal counsel, and money service businesses. 

Key requirements: 

  • Customer Due Diligence (CDD) and Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures. 
  • Suspicious Transaction Reports (STR) to FINTRAC. 
  • Large Cash Transaction Reports (for transactions ≥$10,000). 
  • Record-keeping obligations (minimum 5 years). 
  • Compliance programs and training. 

FINTRAC: Canada’s financial intelligence unit oversees compliance and receives reports 

Penalties: Administrative monetary penalties up to $5 million for entities. 

Why Canada?

Reasons you should setup legal entity in Canada:  

  • Stable political and economic environment 
  • Skilled and educated workforce 
  • Access to North American markets and strong trade relationships globally 
  • Benefits from CUSMA, CETA, and other preferential trade agreements

Cerity Global ensures your business expansion in Canada is fast, compliant, and future-ready, so you can focus on growth while we manage the back-office tasks. 

Economic figures are subject to change based on quarterly reports and market conditions. 

Cerity Global as your legal entity setup partner in Canada

Cerity Global combines deep local knowledge with proven expertise to make your Canada business establishment effortless and compliant. Whether you’re looking for legal entity setup and registration or ongoing support, we’re your trusted partner for sustainable global expansion in Canada. 

 

 

Disclaimer – The information provided is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, business, or tax advice. Entity setup requirements, tax rates, and economic data are subject to change and may vary by location. 

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